Comentario a República, Libro VII, 514a-521b.

El Libro VII comienza con el símil de la caverna, que se encuentra entre 514a y 517a. La coda que hemos introducido, el texto de 517a-521b, es un desarrollo extendido sobre la necesidad del verdadero conocimiento (la necesidad del filósofo) para el gobierno de la ciudad, al que siguen otros sobre cómo sacar a los prisioneros de la caverna, etc.12 página

UA8/3/3/9 Mr. Thomas re: Integration

Presentation given by Mr. Thomas of Caverna High School regarding integration of Kentucky schools at a meeting in Princeton, Kentucky

La peste de la ceguera : notas a Ensayo sobre la ceguera de José Saramago

La obra de José Saramago es una obra comprometida ideológicamente con la crítica al sistema de la globalización y del pensamiento único. Su novela Ensayo sobre la ceguera, la primera de la trilogía que componen también Todos los nombres y La caverna, basa su argumentación en universales que entroncan, claramente, con la tradición del mundo clásico.Jose Saramago's work is ideologically compromised in a criticism to globalization and global thought. His novel Ensayo sobre la ceguera, the first of the trilogy formed with Todos los nombres and La caverna, bases its argumentations on universal concepts clearly linked with the tradition of the classic world

Horse Cave, Kentucky - City Minutes (MSS 22 Box 1 Folder 11)

The minutes of the Caverna (later Horse Cave), Kentucky Board of Trustees from 1871 to 1892. Full text of the minutes, in 50-page increments, can be seen by clicking on Additional Files below. The community was known as Horse Cave, but changed its name to Caverna in 1869 and later changed its name back to Horse Cave in 1880. Stray material was scanned where it was found in the minute book; blank pages were not scanned. A short index was typescripted from the original minute book and is also included as an Additional File. This minute book is part of the Edwards Collection (MSS 22)

Mammalia, Didelphimorphia and Rodentia, southwest of the province of Mendoza, Argentina

We documented terrestrial micromammal assemblages at five localities of southwestern Mendoza province, Argentina. We added new localities for several of the most uncommon small mammal species of this region (e.g. Loxodontomys micropus and Tympanoctomys barrerae). Two main groups of terrestrial non-volant micromammals are represented in southwestern province of Mendoza: one group is related to the South American arid diagonal, and includes species typically adapted to the xeric environments of the Monte Desert; a second group includes Patagonian and High Andean species. Some Patagonian species reached in the study area their northernmost distributional records (e.g. Abrothrix longipilis, A. olivaceus, Chelemys macronyx, Loxodontomys micropus).Fil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

The Show Cave at “Gran Caverna de Santo Tomás” (Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba)

 Del jame Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, ki je eden najdaljših jamskih sistemov na Kubi, je urejen za turizem že od 1994. To je šesti nivo (od sedmih) tega kompleksnega kraškega sistema, katerega najnižji del je aktiven in teče skozenj potok Arroyo Santo Tomàs. Zaradi velike pestrosti kraških oblik, tako na površju kot v jami in zaradi pomembnih arheoloških odkritij, je jamo Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs v zadnjih 10 letih obiskalo pomembno število turistov in znanstvenikov, kljub težavam zaradi oddaljenosti od glavnih turističnih poti po otoku. Več elementov potrjuje, da je upravljanje z jamo lep primer majhnega vpliva turizma na jamo. Med temi je omejeno število obiskovalcev v skupini, uporaba zgolj lesa za lestve in mostičke za dostop do jamskega vhoda ter uporaba akumulatorskih električnih svetilk (ne da bi bil v jami nameščen stalni sistem osvetljevanja). Zato ima Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs velike možnosti da postane eno najpomembnejših mest na Karibih, kjer bi lahko na eni strani razvijali ekološki in trajnostni turizem, na drugi pa bi, zaradi svoje velikosti in dolžine, vabila mednarodne in kubanske jamarje ter znanstvenike k stalnim speleološkim in krasoslovnim raziskavam. At Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, one of the longest karst system of Cuba, a part of the cave is exploited since 1994 as show cave. It corresponds to the sixth level (out of the total of seven) of the complex karst system, which lowest part is still active today, being the present course of Arroyo Santo Tomàs. Even with the difficulties related to great distance from the main tourist routes of the island, Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs was visited in the last 10 years by a significant number of tourists and scientists, due to its remarkable variety of karst landscape, at the surface as well as within the cave, and the important archaeological discoveries therein carried out. Management of the show cave is a good example of low-impact effect of tourism in a karst cave, as many features point out. Among these, the limited number of visitors allowed for each group, the choice in using only wooden ladders and passages to reach the cave entrance, and the adoption of rechargeable electrical light (without realizing any fixed light system in the cave). Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, therefore, has a high potentiality for becoming one of the best location in the Caribbean to develop an ecological sustainable tourism and, at the same time, due to its size and length, to allow international and Cuban cavers and scientiststo continue carrying out speleological and karst research.  

Filósofos y viajeros. El pensamiento como extravío

La filosofía se ha servido muchas veces del viaje como metáfora de una idea y en ese juego simbólico la cuestión del retorno ha sido algo insoslayable. Quizás la primera metáfora de estas características sea la alegoría platónica de la caverna. En ella, el viaje representa el movimiento ascendente de la filosofía desde el fantasmagórico mundo sensible hasta la contemplación de las ideas puras en el mundo inteligible. Pero, como a menudo se olvida, dicha travesía no culmina en este punto. Sócrates debe regresar perentoriamente a las entrañas de la caverna y ello supone una excursión aún más peligrosa que la anterior. De este modo, Platón formula un problema decisivo para el saber filosófico: el dilema ético-político del retorno a la caverna, asunto que interpela de un modo o de otro a toda la tradición del pensamiento occidental. En este contexto, resulta posible identificar la existencia de una matriz platónica, que entiende el viaje como un ascenso teórico al reino de lo universal que culmina en el descenso y la imposición de la idea como forma de dar orden a un territorio hostil y caótico; y una matriz nietzscheana que concibe el viaje como una travesía aciaga y, a la vez, como una odisea jovial por una superficie lúdica y abismal que supone la disolución de todo aquello que pueda llamarse ascenso o descenso. En este último sentido, se explora la posibilidad de una filosofía sin retorno, es decir, de un pensamiento que en el viaje se entrega a una otredad irremediablemente inabarcable

"A Caverna de Deus", de Fernando Esteves Pinto

Recensão/ artigo de promoção de leiturainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Environmental crisis in José Saramago`s fiction

José Saramago, the Portuguese writer winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1998, was one of the fiercest critics of our time of the European economic, political, social and environmental crisis. The latter In particular, as well as its implications and consequences, was subjected to an attentive, detained and in-depth critical scrutiny in Saramago's literary and non-literary fictions, such as Os Cadernos de Lanzarote (1994) and A Caverna (2000 - English translation in 2002 - The Cave). In this article, I analyze Saramago's multifaceted perspective on the environmental crisis in his work A Caverna. Firstly, I will show how a central place of the novel, the ironically called “Green Belt”, is in fact a dirty and monotonous area, and eo ipso an oxymoronic expression. Then, I will briefly comment on the denatured configurations of the Housing Centre surrounded by the Green Belt, a space where natural phenomena and processes, such as rain and snow, are only artificially replicated. Next, I examine the significant impact of climate change on the lives of the characters in the novel. Finally, I consider the possibility that the author's opinions about the climate crisis may extend to others of his fictional and non-fictional works.José Saramago, vencedor do Prémio Nobel da Literatura em 1998, foi um dos mais acutilantes críticos da atualidade europeia nos domínios de crises económicas, políticas, sociais e ambientais. A última, a crise ambiental e as suas implicações e consequências, foi submetida a um atento e profundo escrutínio em narrativas ficcionais e não ficcionais de Saramago, tais como Os Cadernos de Lanzarote (1994) e A Caverna (2000). Neste ensaio, analiso a perspetiva multifacetada de Saramago sobre a crise ambiental em A Caverna. Em primeiro lugar, mostrarei que um espaço crucial do romance, a ironicamente chamada “Cintura Verde”, é na realidade um lugar sujo e monótono, tornando a expressão oximórica. De seguida, comentarei brevemente as configurações deturpadas do Centro circundado pela Cintura Verde enquanto lugar onde fenómenos e processos naturais, tais como a chuva e a neve, são apenas artificialmente construídos. Examino depois o impacto significativo da mudança climática nas vidas das personagens do romance. Por fim, considero a possibilidade de que os pontos de vista do autor sobre a crise climática se expandam a outras obras ficcionais e não ficcionais